Historical Facts About Indian Constitution

Historical Facts About Indian Constitution

The constitution is a system of the fundamental principles and laws, according to which a nation, state, are being governed. In a simple term it is a book of law for a particular nation. Checks and Balances are the tripartite of the Indian government.

The Indian constitution is the longest ever written in the world. With 22 Parts, 12 Schedules, 5 appendices and 448 Articles (at present). The Constitution of the United State of America on September 17, 1787 signed the smallest written constitution as a Nation. It had 13 states at that time.

Alexander Hamilton and James Madison are the founding father of the constitutional laws in the USA. It had provided the house of representatives. Monaco (country in Europe) has the shortest ever written book of law for national governing with 3814 words.

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Where Are The Original Copies of Indian Constitution?

The government of India has kept the original copies in Helium filled cases in the Library of the Parliament of India.

Historical Facts About The Indian Constitution

How many articles are in the Indian Constitution

• With so much writing, the Indian constitution is the longest of any sovereign country in the World. Currently it has a preamble, 22 parts, 448 articles, 12 Schedules, 5 Appendices and 115 amendments which have ratified the constitution. Also, it has limited the powers of government by specifying the fundamental rights. We can assure it from the National Informatics Centre.

• It provides Justice, Liberty and Equality to its citizens. Justice also includes the political, economic and social. The Indian constitution also ensures the dignity and fraternity of the citizens. 

• It is being called as a bag of borrowings. We have borrowed the ideas from different nations. It has various lists of fundamental rights and also has the duties which are being called as the fundamental duties.

• The preamble was also borrowed from the US as it starts from the line ‘we the people’. The concept for the 5 year strategy of the government was also borrowed from the Union of The Soviet Socialists Republics.

• The basic idea and structural base of the government was taken from the Government of India act of 1935.  

• The word ‘Socialist’ was added during a period of national emergency through the 42nd amendment. 

• The Indian Constitution has the very minute details which separates it from the other various Nations. The objective resolution was passed by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru to serve a roadmap to the constitution.

◆ Instead of typing and printing, it was handwritten by Prem Behari Narine Raizada in the following italic style with beautiful calligraphy. It was published in Dehradun and photo lithography by the Survey of India. 

◆ Each page was uniquely decorated by artists from Shanti niketan including Beohar Rammanohar Sinha and Nandlal Bose. The Constituent Assembly was the first parliament of Independent India. Dr. Sachidanand Sinha was the first president (temporary chairman of the assembly) of the Constituent Assembly. 

◆ When the draft was prepared and put up for debate and discussion, over 2000 amendments were made before it was finalized.

◆ On 24 January 1950, 284 members of the Constituent Assembly signed the Indian Constitution. Passed by the constituent assembly, on 26 November 1949. It came into effect on 26 January 1950 with a wide range of article history. 

◆ The date 26 January was chosen to commemorate the declaration of Purna Swaraj (complete independence) in 1930.

◆ The national emblem was adopted on 26 January 1950; the day India was declared republic with the constitution coming into effect. A representation of lion capital of Ashoka was initially adopted as the emblem of the Dominion of India in December 1947. Current version was officially adopted on 26th January 1950. 

◆ There have been 103 Amendments as of January 2019, since it was first enacted in 1950.

The constitution of India is not rigid like the US. It is also not as flexible as the British book of law. The constitution can be easily changed and be easily grown through the amendments. The Indian Constitution provides guidelines for every citizen and that helps the citizens of India to make the country complete republic.  

India is a republic nation. It says that the monarch or dictator can not rule the country. It says that ‘the government is of the people, by the people and for the people’. It has the federal system of the government and gives the superior powers to the Centre.

The powers are divided into the three organs. Which is also being called as the system of Checks and balances. 

 

Executive, Judiciary, Legislature

Why 26 November is Being Called As The Constitution Day?

In May, 2015 the central government announced that November 26 will be known as the Constitution. Before this, 26 November was being called as the National Law Day. B. R. Ambedkar was the first law minister of India. Following the decision, many state legislatures have approved articles of confederation. 

2015 marked the 125th Birth Anniversary of B. R. Ambedkar. He was the chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution convention. Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee and others and these leaders’ great compromise won’t be forgotten. They helped to frame the Constitution of India.

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The President of India Shri Ram Nath Kovind also stated the Constitutional Day by reading the preamble.

How long did it take to make the Indian Constitution 

The assembly took at least three years or two years, eleven months and seventeen days. In November 1949, the drafting committee was responsible to submit the draft.